Salts 668

ABSTRACT

A pharmaceutically acceptable salt of N-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propan amide provided it is not the dihydrobromide or dihydrochloride salt; and the use of such a compound as a medicament (for example in the treatment of respiratory diseases (such as asthma or COPD).

The present invention concerns new salt forms ofN-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamide,compositions comprising such new salt forms, processes for preparingsuch salt forms, and the use of such salt forms in the treatment ofdisease states (such as respiratory disease states, for example asthmaor COPD).

N-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamidefree base and its dihydrobromide and dihydrochloride salts are β2adrenoceptor agonists and are disclosed in PCT/SE2006/000927 (publishedas WO 2007/018461, see Examples 7, 15 and 16). These compounds show atleast 10-fold selectivity for β2 adrenoceptor over adrenergic α1D,adrenergic β1 and dopamine D2.

The present invention provides a pharmaceutically acceptable salt ofN-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamideprovided it is not the dihydrobromide or dihydrochloride salt.

A pharmaceutically acceptable salt includes for example, atrifluoroacetate, sulphate, phosphate, acetate, fumarate, maleate,citrate, pyruvate, succinate, oxalate, methanesulphonate,p-toluenesulphonate, bisulphate, benzenesulphonate, ethanesulphonate,malonate, xinafoate, ascorbate, oleate, nicotinate, saccharinate,adipate, formate, glycolate, L-lactate, D-lactate, aspartate, malate,L-tartrate, D-tartrate, stearate, 2-furoate, 3-furoate, napadisylate(naphthalene-1,5-disulfonate or naphthalene-1-(sulfonicacid)-5-sulfonate), edisylate (ethane-1,2-disulfonate orethane-1-(sulfonic acid)-2-sulfonate), isethionate(2-hydroxyethylsulfonate), 2-mesitylenesulphonate or2-naphthalenesulphonate. A suitable salt can also be D-mandelate orL-mandelate.

A salt of the invention can exist as a solvate (such as a hydrate), andthe present invention covers all such solvents.

In one particular aspect the present invention provides apharmaceutically acceptable salt ofN-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamidewhich is a citrate, ditosylate, phosphate, dixinafoate, sulphate,mono-benzoate, fumarate or besylate salt.

In a further aspect the present invention provides a mono-citrate saltofN-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamide.

In a still further aspect the present invention provides a citrate saltofN-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamidehaving an X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern containing specificpeaks at: 4.4 (±0.1°), 7.2 (±0.1°), 13.7 (±0.1°), 17.4 (±0.1°), 18.7(±0.1°) and 21.4 (±0.1°) 2θ.

A citrate salt can be prepared by adding citric acid to a solution ofN-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamidein a suitable aliphatic alcohol (such as methanol), solubilising allmaterial (at elevated temperature if necessary), allowing the solutionto cool, whereupon the citrate salt precipitates from the solution andcan be collected.

In another aspect the present invention provides a dixinafoate salt ofN-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamide.

In yet another aspect the present invention provides a dixinafoate saltofN-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamideas a di-hydrate having an X-ray powder diffraction pattern containingspecific peaks at: 4.8 (±0.1°), 7.7 (±0.1°), 9.1 (±0.1°), 12.2 (±0.1°),16.1 (±0.1°) and 21.3 (±0.1°) 2θ.

In a further aspect the present invention provides a dixinafoate salt ofN-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamideas a Di-Hemi-Hydrate having an X-ray powder diffraction patterncontaining specific peaks at: 8.5 (±0.1°), 9.4 (±0.1°), 11.6 (±0.1°),11.9 (±0.1°), 16.6 (±0.1°), 17.7 (±0.1°) and 22.4 (±0.1°) 2θ.

A xinafoate salt can be prepared by adding 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid toa solution ofN-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamidein a suitable aliphatic alcohol (such as methanol), mixing at elevatedtemperature (such as reflux), and allowing to cool, whereupon thexinafoate salt can be collected.

In another aspect the present invention provides a phosphate salt ofN-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamide.

In yet another aspect the present invention provides a phosphate salt ofN-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamideas a di-hemi-hydrate having an X-ray powder diffraction patterncontaining specific peaks at: 5.5 (±0.1°), 8.4 (±0.1°), 9.04 (±0.1°),11.8 (±0.1°), 16.3 (±0.1°) and 20.6 (±0.1°) 2θ.

A phosphate salt can be prepared by adding phosphoric acid to a solutionofN-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamidein a suitable aliphatic alcohol (such as methanol), mixing at elevatedtemperature (such as reflux), and allowing to cool, whereupon thephosphate salt can be collected.

In another aspect the present invention provides a mono-benzoate salt ofN-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamide.

In yet another aspect the present invention provides a crystalline formof the monobenzoate salt ofN-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamidehaving an X-ray powder diffraction pattern containing specific peaks at:5.6 (±0.1°), 8.3 (±0.1°), 9.5 (±0.1°), 14.8 (±0.1°), 20.1 (±0.1°) and22.5 (±0.1°) 2θ.

A benzoate salt can be prepared by adding benzoic acid to a solution ofN-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamidein a suitable aliphatic alcohol (such as methanol), mixing (for exampleat room temperature (such as 10-30° C.)) and then collecting thebenzoate salt.

The salts of the present invention can be prepared by using or adapting:the methods presented above; the methods presented in the Preparationsor Examples below; or, the methods described in the literature.

The salts of the invention can be used in the treatment of:

1. respiratory tract: obstructive diseases of the airways including:asthma, including bronchial, allergic, intrinsic, extrinsic,exercise-induced, drug-induced (including aspirin and NSAID-induced) anddust-induced asthma, both intermittent and persistent and of allseverities, and other causes of airway hyper-responsiveness; chronicobstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); bronchitis, including infectiousand eosinophilic bronchitis; emphysema; bronchiectasis; cystic fibrosis;sarcoidosis; farmer's lung and related diseases; hypersensitivitypneumonitis; lung fibrosis, including cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis,idiopathic interstitial pneumonias, fibrosis complicatinganti-neoplastic therapy and chronic infection, including tuberculosisand aspergillosis and other fungal infections; complications of lungtransplantation; vasculitic and thrombotic disorders of the lungvasculature, and pulmonary hypertension; antitussive activity includingtreatment of chronic cough associated with inflammatory and secretoryconditions of the airways, and iatrogenic cough; acute and chronicrhinitis including rhinitis medicamentosa, and vasomotor rhinitis;perennial and seasonal allergic rhinitis including rhinitis nervosa (hayfever); nasal polyposis; acute viral infection including the commoncold, and infection due to respiratory syncytial virus, influenza,coronavirus (including SARS) or adenovirus; or eosinophilic esophagitis;2. bone and joints: arthritides associated with or includingosteoarthritis/osteoarthrosis, both primary and secondary to, forexample, congenital hip dysplasia; cervical and lumbar spondylitis, andlow back and neck pain; osteoarthritis; rheumatoid arthritis and Still'sdisease; seronegative spondyloarthropathies including ankylosingspondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis andundifferentiated spondarthropathy; septic arthritis and otherinfection-related arthopathies and bone disorders such as tuberculosis,including Potts' disease and Poncet's syndrome; acute and chroniccrystal-induced synovitis including urate gout, calcium pyrophosphatedeposition disease, and calcium apatite related tendon, bursal andsynovial inflammation; Behcet's disease; primary and secondary Sjogren'ssyndrome; systemic sclerosis and limited scleroderma; systemic lupuserythematosus, mixed connective tissue disease, and undifferentiatedconnective tissue disease; inflammatory myopathies includingdermatomyositits and polymyositis; polymalgia rheumatica; juvenilearthritis including idiopathic inflammatory arthritides of whateverjoint distribution and associated syndromes, and rheumatic fever and itssystemic complications; vasculitides including giant cell arteritis,Takayasu's arteritis, Churg-Strauss syndrome, polyarteritis nodosa,microscopic polyarteritis, and vasculitides associated with viralinfection, hypersensitivity reactions, cryoglobulins, and paraproteins;low back pain; Familial Mediterranean fever, Muckle-Wells syndrome, andFamilial Hibernian Fever, Kikuchi disease; drug-induced arthalgias,tendonititides, and myopathies;3. pain and connective tissue remodelling of musculoskeletal disordersdue to injury [for example sports injury] or disease: arthritides (forexample rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, gout or crystalarthropathy), other joint disease (such as intervertebral discdegeneration or temporomandibular joint degeneration), bone remodellingdisease (such as osteoporosis, Paget's disease or osteonecrosis),polychondritits, scleroderma, mixed connective tissue disorder,spondyloarthropathies or periodontal disease (such as periodontitis);4. skin: psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis or othereczematous dermatoses, and delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions;phyto- and photodermatitis; seborrhoeic dermatitis, dermatitisherpetiformis, lichen planus, lichen sclerosus et atrophica, pyodermagangrenosum, skin sarcoid, discoid lupus erythematosus, pemphigus,pemphigoid, epidermolysis bullosa, urticaria, angioedema, vasculitides,toxic erythemas, cutaneous eosinophilias, alopecia areata, male-patternbaldness, Sweet's syndrome, Weber-Christian syndrome, erythemamultiforme; cellulitis, both infective and non-infective; panniculitis;cutaneous lymphomas, non-melanoma skin cancer and other dysplasticlesions; drug-induced disorders including fixed drug eruptions;5. eyes: blepharitis; conjunctivitis, including perennial and vernalallergic conjunctivitis; iritis; anterior and posterior uveitis;choroiditis; autoimmune; degenerative or inflammatory disordersaffecting the retina; ophthalmitis including sympathetic ophthalmitis;sarcoidosis; infections including viral, fungal, and bacterial;6. gastrointestinal tract: glossitis, gingivitis, periodontitis;oesophagitis, including reflux; eosinophilic gastro-enteritis,mastocytosis, Crohn's disease, colitis including ulcerative colitis,proctitis, pruritis ani; coeliac disease, irritable bowel syndrome, andfood-related allergies which may have effects remote from the gut (forexample migraine, rhinitis or eczema);7. abdominal: hepatitis, including autoimmune, alcoholic and viral;fibrosis and cirrhosis of the liver; cholecystitis; pancreatitis, bothacute and chronic;8. genitourinary: nephritis including interstitial andglomerulonephritis; nephrotic syndrome; cystitis including acute andchronic (interstitial) cystitis and Hunner's ulcer; acute and chronicurethritis, prostatitis, epididymitis, oophoritis and salpingitis;vulvo-vaginitis; Peyronie's disease; erectile dysfunction (both male andfemale);9. allograft rejection: acute and chronic following, for example,transplantation of kidney, heart, liver, lung, bone marrow, skin orcornea or following blood transfusion; or chronic graft versus hostdisease;10. CNS: Alzheimer's disease and other dementing disorders including CJDand nvCJD; amyloidosis; multiple sclerosis and other demyelinatingsyndromes; cerebral atherosclerosis and vasculitis; temporal arteritis;myasthenia gravis; acute and chronic pain (acute, intermittent orpersistent, whether of central or peripheral origin) including visceralpain, headache, migraine, trigeminal neuralgia, atypical facial pain,joint and bone pain, pain arising from cancer and tumor invasion,neuropathic pain syndromes including diabetic, post-herpetic, andHIV-associated neuropathies; neurosarcoidosis; central and peripheralnervous system complications of malignant, infectious or autoimmuneprocesses;11. other auto-immune and allergic disorders including Hashimoto'sthyroiditis, Graves' disease, Addison's disease, diabetes mellitus,idiopathic thrombocytopaenic purpura, eosinophilic fasciitis, hyper-IgEsyndrome, antiphospholipid syndrome;12. other disorders with an inflammatory or immunological component;including acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), leprosy, Sezarysyndrome, and paraneoplastic syndromes;13. cardiovascular: atherosclerosis, affecting the coronary andperipheral circulation; pericarditis; myocarditis, inflammatory andauto-immune cardiomyopathies including myocardial sarcoid; ischaemicreperfusion injuries; endocarditis, valvulitis, and aortitis includinginfective (for example syphilitic); vasculitides; disorders of theproximal and peripheral veins including phlebitis and thrombosis,including deep vein thrombosis and complications of varicose veins;14. oncology: treatment of common cancers including prostate, breast,lung, ovarian, pancreatic, bowel and colon, stomach, skin and braintumors and malignancies affecting the bone marrow (including theleukaemias) and lymphoproliferative systems, such as Hodgkin's andnon-Hodgkin's lymphoma; including the prevention and treatment ofmetastatic disease and tumour recurrences, and paraneoplastic syndromes;and,15. gastrointestinal tract: Coeliac disease, proctitis, eosinopilicgastro-enteritis, mastocytosis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis,microscopic colitis, indeterminant colitis, irritable bowel disorder,irritable bowel syndrome, non-inflammatory diarrhea, food-relatedallergies which have effects remote from the gut, e.g., migraine,rhinitis and eczema.

Thus, the present invention provides a salt as hereinbefore defined foruse in therapy.

In a further aspect, the present invention provides the use of a salt ashereinbefore defined in the manufacture of a medicament for use intherapy (for example a respiratory disease state)

In a still further aspect the present invention provides a salt ashereinbefore described for the treatment of a respiratory disease state.

In the context of the present specification, the term “therapy” alsoincludes “prophylaxis” unless there are specific indications to thecontrary. The terms “therapeutic” and “therapeutically” should beconstrued accordingly.

Prophylaxis is expected to be particularly relevant to the treatment ofpersons who have suffered a previous episode of, or are otherwiseconsidered to be at increased risk of, the disease or condition inquestion. Persons at risk of developing a particular disease orcondition generally include those having a family history of the diseaseor condition, or those who have been identified by genetic testing orscreening to be particularly susceptible to developing the disease orcondition.

The invention still further provides a method of treating, or reducingthe risk of, an inflammatory disease or condition (including areversible obstructive airways disease or condition) which comprisesadministering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effectiveamount of a salt as hereinbefore defined.

In particular, a salt of the present invention may be used in thetreatment of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), pulmonaryemphysema, bronchitis, bronchiectasis, chronic obstructive pulmonarydisease (COPD), asthma and rhinitis.

For the above-mentioned therapeutic uses the dosage administered will,of course, vary with the compound employed, the mode of administration,the treatment desired and the disorder indicated. For example, the dailydosage of the compound of the invention, if inhaled, may be in the rangefrom 0.05 micrograms per kilogram body weight (μg/kg) to 100 microgramsper kilogram body weight (μg/kg). Alternatively, if the compound isadministered orally, then the daily dosage of the compound of theinvention may be in the range from 0.01 micrograms per kilogram bodyweight (μg/kg) to 100 milligrams per kilogram body weight (mg/kg).

A salt of the invention may be used on its own but will generally beadministered in the form of a pharmaceutical composition in which a saltof the invention (active ingredient) is in association with apharmaceutically acceptable adjuvant, diluent or carrier. Conventionalprocedures for the selection and preparation of suitable pharmaceuticalformulations are described in, for example, “Pharmaceuticals—The Scienceof Dosage Form Designs”, M. E. Aulton, Churchill Livingstone, 1988.

Depending on the mode of administration, the pharmaceutical compositionwill for example comprise from 0.05 to 99% w (per cent by weight), suchas from 0.05 to 80% w, for example from 0.10 to 70% w, and such as from0.10 to 50% w, of active ingredient, all percentages by weight beingbased on total composition.

The present invention also provides a pharmaceutical compositioncomprising a salt as hereinbefore defined, in association with apharmaceutically acceptable adjuvant, diluent or carrier.

The invention further provides a process for the preparation of apharmaceutical composition of the invention which comprises mixing asalt as hereinbefore defined with a pharmaceutically acceptableadjuvant, diluent or carrier.

A pharmaceutical composition of the invention can be administeredtopically (e.g. to the skin or to the lung and/or airways) in the form,e.g., of a cream, solution, suspension, heptafluoroalkane (HFA) aerosolor dry powder formulation, for example, a formulation in the inhalerdevice known as the Turbuhaler®; or systemically, e.g. by oraladministration in the form of a tablet, capsule, syrup, powder orgranule; or by parenteral administration in the form of a solution orsuspension; or by subcutaneous administration; or by rectaladministration in the form of a suppository; or transdermally.

A dry powder formulation or pressurized HFA aerosol of a salt of theinvention may be administered by oral or nasal inhalation. Forinhalation, the salt is desirably finely divided. The finely dividedcompound has, for example, a mass median diameter of less than 10 μm,and may be suspended in a propellant mixture with the assistance of adispersant, such as a C₈-C₂₀ fatty acid or salt thereof, (for example,oleic acid), a bile salt, a phospholipid, an alkyl saccharide, aperfluorinated or polyethoxylated surfactant, or other pharmaceuticallyacceptable dispersant.

A salt of the invention may also be administered by means of a drypowder inhaler. The inhaler may be a single or a multi dose inhaler, andmay be a breath actuated dry powder inhaler.

One possibility is to mix the finely divided compound of the inventionwith a carrier substance, for example, a mono-, di- or polysaccharide, asugar alcohol, or another polyol. A suitable carrier is, for example, asugar, for example, lactose, glucose, raffinose, melezitose, lactitol,maltitol, trehalose, sucrose, mannitol; or starch. Alternatively thefinely divided compound may be coated by another substance. The powdermixture may also be dispensed into hard gelatine capsules, eachcontaining the desired dose of the active compound.

Another possibility is to process the finely divided powder into sphereswhich break up during the inhalation procedure. This spheronized powdermay be filled into the drug reservoir of a multidose inhaler, forexample, that known as the Turbuhaler® in which a dosing unit meters thedesired dose which is then inhaled by the patient. With this system theactive ingredient, with or without a carrier substance, is delivered tothe patient.

For oral administration the compound of the invention may be admixedwith an adjuvant or a carrier, for example, lactose, saccharose,sorbitol, mannitol; a starch, for example, potato starch, corn starch oramylopectin; a cellulose derivative; a binder, for example, gelatine orpolyvinylpyrrolidone; and/or a lubricant, for example, magnesiumstearate, calcium stearate, polyethylene glycol, a wax, paraffin, andthe like, and then compressed into tablets. If coated tablets arerequired, the cores, prepared as described above, may be coated with aconcentrated sugar solution which may contain, for example, gum arabic,gelatine, talcum and titanium dioxide. Alternatively, the tablet may becoated with a suitable polymer dissolved in a readily volatile organicsolvent.

For the preparation of soft gelatine capsules, the compound of theinvention may be admixed with, for example, a vegetable oil orpolyethylene glycol. Hard gelatine capsules may contain granules of thecompound using either the above-mentioned excipients for tablets. Alsoliquid or semisolid formulations of the compound of the invention may befilled into hard gelatine capsules.

A liquid preparation for oral application may be in the form of a syrupor suspension, for example, a solution containing a salt of theinvention, the balance being sugar and a mixture of ethanol, water,glycerol and propylene glycol. Optionally such a liquid preparation maycontain a colouring agent, flavouring agent, saccharine and/orcarboxymethylcellulose as a thickening agent or another excipient knownto those skilled in art.

A salt of the invention may also be administered in conjunction withanother compound used for the treatment of one or more of the aboveconditions.

The invention therefore further relates to a combination therapy whereina salt of the invention or a pharmaceutical composition or formulationcomprising a salt of the invention, is administered concurrently orsequentially or as a combined preparation with another therapeutic agentor agents, for the treatment of one or more of the conditions listed.

In particular, for the treatment of an inflammatory disease such as (butnot restricted to) rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, asthma,allergic rhinitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD),psoriasis, and inflammatory bowel disease, a salt of the invention maybe combined with one of the following agents: non-steroidalanti-inflammatory agents (hereinafter NSAIDs) including non-selectivecyclo-oxygenase COX-1/COX-2 inhibitors whether applied topically orsystemically (such as piroxicam, diclofenac, propionic acids such asnaproxen, flurbiprofen, fenoprofen, ketoprofen and ibuprofen, fenamatessuch as mefenamic acid, indomethacin, sulindac, azapropazone,pyrazolones such as phenylbutazone, salicylates such as aspirin);selective COX-2 inhibitors (such as meloxicam, celecoxib, rofecoxib,valdecoxib, lumarocoxib, parecoxib and etoricoxib); cyclo-oxygenaseinhibiting nitric oxide donors (CINODs); glucocorticosteroids (whetheradministered by topical, oral, intramuscular, intravenous, orintra-articular routes); methotrexate; leflunomide; hydroxychloroquine;d-penicillamine; auranofin or other parenteral or oral goldpreparations; analgesics; diacerein; intra-articular therapies such ashyaluronic acid derivatives; and nutritional supplements such asglucosamine.

The present invention still further relates to the combination of a saltof the invention together with a cytokine or agonist or antagonist ofcytokine function, (including agents which act on cytokine signalingpathways such as modulators of the SOCS system) including alpha-, beta-,and gamma-interferons; insulin-like growth factor type I (IGF-1);interleukins (IL) including IL1 to 17, and interleukin antagonists orinhibitors such as anakinra; tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)inhibitors such as anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies (for exampleinfliximab; adalimumab, and CDP-870) and TNF receptor antagonistsincluding immunoglobulin molecules (such as etanercept) andlow-molecular-weight agents such as pentoxyfylline.

In addition the invention relates to a combination of a salt of theinvention with a monoclonal antibody targeting B-Lymphocytes (such asCD20 (rituximab), MRA-aIL16R and T-Lymphocytes, CTLA4-Ig, HuMax I1-15).

The present invention still further relates to the combination of a saltof the invention, with a modulator of chemokine receptor function suchas an antagonist of CCR1, CCR2, CCR2A, CCR2B, CCR3, CCR4, CCR5, CCR6,CCR7, CCR8, CCR9, CCR10 and CCR11 (for the C-C family); CXCR1, CXCR2,CXCR3, CXCR4 and CXCR5 (for the C-X-C family) and CX₃CR1 for the C-X₃-Cfamily.

The present invention further relates to the combination of a salt ofthe invention, with an inhibitor of matrix metalloprotease (MMPs), i.e.,the stromelysins, the collagenases, and the gelatinases, as well asaggrecanase; especially collagenase-1 (MMP-1), collagenase-2 (MMP-8),collagenase-3 (MMP-13), stromelysin-1 (MMP-3), stromelysin-2 (MMP-10),and stromelysin-3 (MMP-11) and MMP-9 and MMP-12, including agents suchas doxycycline.

The present invention still further relates to the combination of a saltof the invention, and a leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitor,5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) inhibitor or 5-lipoxygenase activating protein(FLAP) antagonist such as; zileuton; ABT-761; fenleuton; tepoxalin;Abbott-79175; Abbott-85761; aN-(5-substituted)-thiophene-2-alkylsulfonamide;2,6-di-tert-butylphenolhydrazones; a methoxytetrahydropyrans such asZeneca ZD-2138; the compound SB-210661; a pyridinyl-substituted2-cyanonaphthalene compound such as L-739,010; a 2-cyanoquinolinecompound such as L-746,530; or an indole or quinoline compound such asMK-591, MK-886, and BAY×1005.

The present invention further relates to the combination of a salt ofthe invention, and a receptor antagonist for leukotrienes (LT) B4, LTC4,LTD4, and LTE4, selected from the group consisting of thephenothiazin-3-1s such as L-651,392; amidino compounds such asCGS-25019c; benzoxalamines such as ontazolast; benzenecarboximidamidessuch as BIIL 284/260; and compounds such as zafirlukast, ablukast,montelukast, pranlukast, verlukast (MK-679), RG-12525, Ro-245913,iralukast (CGP 45715A), and BAY×7195.

The present invention still further relates to the combination of a saltof the invention, and a phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor such as amethylxanthanine including theophylline and aminophylline; a selectivePDE isoenzyme inhibitor including a PDE4 inhibitor an inhibitor of theisoform PDE4D, or an inhibitor of PDE5.

The present invention further relates to the combination of a salt ofthe invention, and a histamine type 1 receptor antagonist such ascetirizine, loratadine, desloratadine, fexofenadine, acrivastine,terfenadine, astemizole, azelastine, levocabastine, chlorpheniramine,promethazine, cyclizine, or mizolastine; applied orally, topically orparenterally.

The present invention still further relates to the combination of a saltof the invention, and a proton pump inhibitor (such as omeprazole) or agastroprotective histamine type 2 receptor antagonist.

The present invention further relates to the combination of a salt ofthe invention, and an antagonist of the histamine type 4 receptor.

The present invention still further relates to the combination of a saltof the invention, and an alpha-1/alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonistvasoconstrictor sympathomimetic agent, such as propylhexedrine,phenylephrine, phenylpropanolamine, ephedrine, pseudoephedrine,naphazoline hydrochloride, oxymetazoline hydrochloride, tetrahydrozolinehydrochloride, xylometazoline hydrochloride, tramazoline hydrochlorideor ethylnorepinephrine hydrochloride.

The present invention further relates to the combination of a salt ofthe invention, and an anticholinergic agents including muscarinicreceptor (M1, M2, and M3) antagonist such as atropine, hyoscine,glycopyrrrolate, ipratropium bromide, tiotropium bromide, oxitropiumbromide, pirenzepine or telenzepine.

The present invention further relates to the combination of a salt ofthe invention, and a chromone, such as sodium cromoglycate or nedocromilsodium.

The present invention still further relates to the combination of a saltof the invention, with a glucocorticoid, such as flunisolide,triamcinolone acetonide, beclomethasone dipropionate, budesonide,fluticasone propionate, ciclesonide or mometasone furoate.

The present invention further relates to the combination of a salt ofthe invention, with an agent that modulates a nuclear hormone receptorsuch as PPARs.

The present invention still further relates to the combination of a saltof the invention, together with an immunoglobulin (Ig) or Ig preparationor an antagonist or antibody modulating Ig function such as anti-IgE(for example omalizumab).

The present invention further relates to the combination of a salt ofthe invention, and another systemic or topically-appliedanti-inflammatory agent, such as thalidomide or a derivative thereof, aretinoid, dithranol or calcipotriol.

The present invention still further relates to the combination of a saltof the invention, and combinations of aminosalicylates and sulfapyridinesuch as sulfasalazine, mesalazine, balsalazide, and olsalazine; andimmunomodulatory agents such as the thiopurines, and corticosteroidssuch as budesonide.

The present invention further relates to the combination of a salt ofthe invention, together with an antibacterial agent such as a penicillinderivative, a tetracycline, a macrolide, a beta-lactam, afluoroquinolone, metronidazole, an inhaled aminoglycoside; an antiviralagent including acyclovir, famciclovir, valaciclovir, ganciclovir,cidofovir, amantadine, rimantadine, ribavirin, zanamavir andoseltamavir; a protease inhibitor such as indinavir, nelfinavir,ritonavir, and saquinavir; a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitorsuch as didanosine, lamivudine, stavudine, zalcitabine or zidovudine; ora non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor such as nevirapine orefavirenz.

The present invention still further relates to the combination of a saltof the invention, and a cardiovascular agent such as a calcium channelblocker, a beta-adrenoceptor blocker, an angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE) inhibitor, an angiotensin-2 receptor antagonist; a lipid loweringagent such as a statin or a fibrate; a modulator of blood cellmorphology such as pentoxyfylline; thrombolytic, or an anticoagulantsuch as a platelet aggregation inhibitor.

The present invention further relates to the combination of a salt ofthe invention, and a CNS agent such as an antidepressant (such assertraline), an anti-Parkinsonian drug (such as deprenyl, L-dopa,ropinirole, pramipexole, a MAOB inhibitor such as selegine andrasagiline, a comP inhibitor such as tasmar, an A-2 inhibitor, adopamine reuptake inhibitor, an NMDA antagonist, a nicotine agonist, adopamine agonist or an inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase), oran anti-Alzheimer's drug such as donepezil, rivastigmine, tacrine, aCOX-2 inhibitor, propentofylline or metrifonate.

The present invention still further relates to the combination of a saltof the invention, and an agent for the treatment of acute or chronicpain, such as a centrally or peripherally-acting analgesic (for examplean opioid or derivative thereof), carbamazepine, phenytoin, sodiumvalproate, amitryptiline or other anti-depressant agents, paracetamol,or a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent.

The present invention further relates to the combination of a salt ofthe invention, together with a parenterally or topically-applied(including inhaled) local anaesthetic agent such as lignocaine or aderivative thereof.

A salt of the present invention can also be used in combination with ananti-osteoporosis agent including a hormonal agent such as raloxifene,or a biphosphonate such as alendronate.

The present invention still further relates to the combination of a saltof the invention together with a: (i) tryptase inhibitor; (ii) plateletactivating factor (PAF) antagonist; (iii) interleukin converting enzyme(ICE) inhibitor; (iv) IMPDH inhibitor; (v) adhesion molecule inhibitorsincluding VLA-4 antagonist; (vi) cathepsin; (vii) kinase inhibitor suchas an inhibitor of tyrosine kinase (such as Btk, Itk, Jak3 or MAP, forexample Gefitinib or Imatinib mesylate), a serine/threonine kinase (suchas an inhibitor of a MAP kinase such as p38, JNK, protein kinase A, B orC, or IKK), or a kinase involved in cell cycle regulation (such as acylin dependent kinase); (viii) glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenaseinhibitor; (ix) kinin-B.sub1.- or B.sub2.-receptor antagonist; (x)anti-gout agent, for example colchicine; (xi) xanthine oxidaseinhibitor, for example allopurinol; (xii) uricosuric agent, for exampleprobenecid, sulfinpyrazone or benzbromarone; (xiii) growth hormonesecretagogue; (xiv) transforming growth factor (TGFβ); (xv)platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF); (xvi) fibroblast growth factorfor example basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF); (xvii) granulocytemacrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF); (xviii) capsaicin cream;(xix) tachykinin NK.sub1. or NK.sub3. receptor antagonist such asNKP-608C, SB-233412 (talnetant) or D-4418; (xx) elastase inhibitor suchas UT-77 or ZD-0892; (xxi) TNF-alpha converting enzyme inhibitor (TACE);(xxii) induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor; (xxiii)chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on TH2 cells,(such as a CRTH2 antagonist); (xxiv) inhibitor of P38; (xxv) agentmodulating the function of Toll-like receptors (TLR), (xxvi) agentmodulating the activity of purinergic receptors such as P2X7; (xxvii)inhibitor of transcription factor activation such as NFkB, API, orSTATS; or, (xxviii) a glucocorticoid receptor agonist.

General Preparative Methods

There follow preparative methods forN-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamidedihydrobromide (called Compound A in the Preparations, Examples andassays) and also assays and data showing the activity of this compound.

In the ExamplesN-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamideis referred to as Compound B.

¹H NMR spectra were recorded on a Varian Inova 400 MHz or a VarianMercury-VX 300 MHz instrument. The central peaks of chloroform-d (δ_(H)7.27 ppm), dimethylsulfoxide-d₆ (δ_(H) 2.50 ppm), acetonitrile-d₃ (δ_(H)1.95 ppm) or methanol-d₄ (δ_(H) 3.31 ppm) were used as internalreferences. Column chromatography was carried out using silica gel(0.040-0.063 mm, Merck). Unless stated otherwise, starting materialswere commercially available. All solvents and commercial reagents wereof laboratory grade and were used as received.

The following method was used for LC/MS analysis:

Instrument Agilent 1100; Column Waters Symmetry 2.1×30 mm; Mass APCI;Flow rate 0.7 ml/min; Wavelength 254 nm; Solvent A: water+0.1% TFA;Solvent B: acetonitrile+0.1% TFA ; Gradient 15-95%/B 8 min, 95% B 1 min.

Analytical chromatography was run on a Symmetry C₁₈-column, 2.1×30 mmwith 3.5 μm particle size, with acetonitrile/water/0.1% trifluoroaceticacid as mobile phase in a gradient from 5% to 95% acetonitrile over 8minutes at a flow of 0.7 ml/min.

Instrument Details

-   XRPD (X-ray powder diffraction)—Philips X-Pert MPD machine in θ-θ    configuration over the scan range 2° to 40° 2θ with 100-second    exposure per 0.03° increment. The X-rays were generated by a copper    long-fine focus tube operated at 45 kV and 40 mA. The wavelengths of    the copper X-rays were 1.5405 Å (K_(α1)) and 1.5444 Å (K_(α2)). The    Data was collected on zero background holders on which˜2 mg of the    compound was placed. The holder was made from a single crystal of    silicon, which had been cut along a non-diffracting plane and then    polished on an optically flat finish. The X-rays incident upon this    surface were negated by Bragg extinction. XRPD data are presented in    the tables below, and reflection angle (°2θ) and D-spacing (Å) data    (bracketed) are provided.-   DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) thermograms were measured    using a TA Q1000 machine, with aluminium pans and pierced lids. The    sample weights varied between 1 to 5 mg. The procedure was carried    out under a flow of nitrogen gas (50 ml/min) and the temperature    studied from 25 to 300° C. at a constant rate of temperature    increase of 10° C. per minute.-   TGA (Thermogravimetric Analysis) thermograms were measured using a    TA Q500 machine, with platinum pans. The sample weights varied    between 2 and 15 mg. The procedure was carried out under a flow of    nitrogen gas (60 ml/min) and the temperature studied from 25 to    300° C. at a constant rate of temperature increase of 10° C. per    minute.-   ¹³C CPMAS (Cross Polarisation Magic Angle Spinning) Solid State NMR    spectra were obtained using a Bruker Avance 400WB machine. Samples    were analysed using a 4 mm probe and under the following parameters:    ramped cross polarisation, tppm 15 composite pulse, ¹H decoupling, a    contact time of 2 ms, and a spin rate of 5 kHz.-   Raman spectra were recorded using a Jobin Yvon Horiba Lab Ram HR    raman microscope. The solid sample ˜0.1 mg, was placed onto a glass    slide and the laser beam was focused onto a single particle that was    representative of the bulk sample. Spectra were recorded as 2-4    minute acquisition over the range of 200 to 2000 cm⁻¹.-   IR spectra were recorded using a Perkin Elmer Spectrum GX FT-IR    System machine equipped with a Specac ATR attachment. The solid    sample ˜1 mg, was placed onto the diamond surface of the ATR and a    pressure of 70 cN-M was applied. Spectra were recorded as 64 scans    over the range of 4000 to 625 cm⁻¹, with an interval of 1 cm⁻¹ and a    resolution of 4 cm⁻¹.-   GVS profiles were measured using a Dynamic Vapour Sorption DVS-1    instrument. The solid sample ca. 4-10 mg was placed into a glass    vessel and the weight of the sample was recorded during a dual cycle    step method (40 to 90 to 0 to 90 to 0% relative humidity (RH), in    steps of 10% RH).-   Ion-Stoichiometry—was measured using a KOH gradient and a Dionex    AS11 column with electrochemical detection and a Dionex IC3000    instrument.-   Solution ¹H NMR spectra were recorded using a Varian Unity Inova    spectrometer at a proton frequency of 400 MHz.

The abbreviations or terms used in the examples have the followingmeanings:

SCX: Solid phase extraction with a sulfonic acid sorbentHPLC: High performance liquid chromatography

DMF: N,N-Dimethylformamide PREPARATION 1N-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamideDihydrobromide (Compound A)

a) tert-Butyl 3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanoate

1-Naphthalene ethanol (10 g) was treated with benzyltrimethylammoniumhydroxide (Triton B®; 0.9 mL of a 40% solution in methanol) and theresulting mixture stirred in vacuo for 30 minutes. The mixture was thencooled to 0° C. and treated with tert-butyl acrylate (8.19 g). Theresulting mixture was slowly warmed to room temperature and stirredovernight. The crude mixture was subsequently absorbed onto aluminiumoxide (30 g) and eluted with diethylether (200 mL). The organics wereconcentrated to give a crude material (16.6 g) which was purified byflash silica chromatography eluting with 1:8, diethylether:hexane togive the subtitled compound (12.83 g).

¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ 8.05 (dd, 1H), 7.84 (dd, 1H), 7.72 (dd, 11-1),7.54-7.34 (m, 4H), 3.81-3.69 (m, 4H), 3.35 (t, 2H), 2.52-2.47 (m, 2H),1.45 (s, 9H).

b) 3-[2-(1-Naphthyl)ethoxy]propanoic Acid

tert-Butyl 3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanoate (6.19 g) was taken up indichloromethane (30 mL) and treated with trifluoroacetic acid (5 mL).The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, anadditional 1 mL of trifluoroacetic acid was added and the solutionstirred overnight. The mixture was concentrated, taken up in 2M sodiumhydroxide solution (30 mL) and washed with ether (2×20 mL). The aqueouslayer was subsequently acidified (using 1M hydrochloric acid) andextracted with ether (2×30 mL). The combined organics were washed withbrine (20 mL), dried over anhydrous magnesium sulphate, filtered andconcentrated in vacuo to give the sub-titled compound (5.66 g) as aclear oil.

¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ 8.05 (bs, 1H), 7.85 (bs, 1H), 7.74 (bs, 1H), 7.50-7.38(m, 4H), 3.84-3.75 (bm, 4H), 3.39 (bs, 2H), 2.65 (bs, 2H).

c)N-(2-Diethylaminoethyl)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]-propanamide

Oxalyl chloride (0.33 g) was added dropwise to a solution of3-[2-(1-naphthy)ethoxy]propanoic acid (0.53 g) in dichloromethane (10mL), dimethylformamide (1 drop) was added and stirring continued at roomtemperature for 1 hour. The mixture was subsequently concentrated,re-dissolved in dichloromethane (10 mL) and added dropwise to a solutionof 2-(2-diethylaminoethylamino)ethanol (0.35 g) anddiisopropylethylamine (0.56 g) in dichloromethane (10 mL). The resultingmixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, diluted(dichloromethane, 50 mL), washed with water (2×20 mL), brine (20 mL),dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated to give the crude product(0.91 g) which was purified by flash column chromatography (eluting with5-7% methanol in dichloromethane) to give 0.63 g of the sub-titledcompound.

¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ 8.05 (d, 1H), 7.85 (d, 1H), 7.73 (d, 111), 7.52-7.47(m, 2H), 7.42-7.35 (m, 2H), 3.84-3.78 (m, 6H), 3.72-3.70 (m, ½H),3.45-3.35 (m, 611), 2.79-2.77 (m, 1+½H), 2.62-2.58 (m, 2H), 2.54-2.49(m, 4H), 1.04-1.01 (m, 6H).

d)N-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamide

A solution of dimethylsulfoxide (0.097 g) in dichloromethane (1 mL) wasadded to a solution of oxalyl chloride (0.079 g) in dichloromethane (10mL) at −78° C. The reaction was stirred for 15 minutes and then asolution ofN-(2-diethylaminoethyl)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamide(0.22 g) in dichloromethane (1 mL+1 mL wash) was added and the reactionmixture stirred for a further 15 minutes. Triethylamine (0.29 g) wasadded and the reaction allowed to warm to room temperature over 1 hour,the mixture was subsequently diluted (dichloromethane 30 mL), theorganics washed with sodium bicarbonate (20 mL), brine (20 mL), driedover anhydrous magnesium sulphate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo togive the sub-titled compound (0.21 g).

The crude product was dissolved in methanol (10 mL) and7-(2-aminoethyl)-4-hydroxy-1,3-benthiazol-2(3H)-one hydrochloride(prepared according to the procedure outlined in Organic ProcessResearch & Development 2004, 8(4), 628-642; 0.131 g) was added alongwith acetic acid (0.1 mL) and water (0.1 mL). After stirring at roomtemperature for 30 minutes, sodium cyanoborohydride (0.020 g) was addedand the reaction mixture was stirred overnight. Ammonia (7N in methanol,1 mL) was added and the mixture was concentrated. The crude residue waspurified by flash column chromatography eluting with 1% ammonia; 5%-7%methanol in dichloromethane. The crude product was used directly in thenext step.

A repreparation ofN-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamideprovided a sample that was analysed.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ 8.06 (d, 1H), 7.90 (d, 1H), 7.77 (d, 1H), 7.51(m, 2H), 7.40 (m, 2H), 6.80 (m, 1H), 6.70 (m, 1H), 3.68 (m, 4H), 3.27(m, 6H), 2.79-2.53 (number of protons could not be determined), 2.44 (m,4H), 0.92 (m, 6H).

FIG. 1: XRPD of Amorphous Form of Compound B

e)N-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamideDihydrobromide

N-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamide(0.052 g) was dissolved in ethanol (1.5 mL) and treated with 48%hydrobromic acid (21 μl). The white solid dihydrobromide salt (0.058 g)was collected by filtration.

MS: APCI(+ve) 579 (M+1)

¹H NMR δ (DMSO) 11.78-11.71 (m, 1H), 10.11-10.06 (m, 1H), 9.51-9.43 (m,0.33H), 9.21-9.13 (m, 0.66H), 8.75-8.66 (m, 1H), 8.59-8.51 (m, 1H), 8.06(d, 1H), 7.95-7.90 (m, 1H), 7.79 (d, 1H), 7.60-7.48 (m, 2H), 7.47-7.39(m, 2H), 6.87 (t, 1H), 6.76 (dd, 1H), 3.78-3.53 (m, 10H), 3.25-3.09 (m,10H), 2.91-2.80 (m, 2H), 2.73-2.61 (m, 2H), 1.26-1.15 (m, 6H). NMRindicates approximately 2:1 mixture of rotamers at 298K.

XRPD (FIG. 2) Solid State 2θ (d spacing) DSC NMR Raman IR  4.9 (17.9)26.2 (3.4) Onset 211° C. 232.4 63.7 204.1 1240.8 205 1276  8.9 (9.9)28.0 (3.2) 225.8 48.4 233.5 1276.8 236 1379 12.2 (7.3) 28.4 (3.1) 224.544.9 246.5 1374.7 300 1436 13.5 (6.6) 31.0 (2.9) 190.9 39.8 367.5 1434.7368 1465 13.9 (6.4) 31.6 (2.8) 182.7 36.2 394.6 1452.0 395 1577 14.8(6.0) 33.0 (2.7) 180.6 33.5 440.1 1577.1 441 1586 15.8 (5.6) 164.0 27.9470.0 1595.9 471 1597 16.2 (5.5) 141.2 9.2 488.9 1633.7 490 1633 16.6(5.4) 134.8 6.0 505.3 1689.1 506 1689 17.4 (5.1) 132.9 590.3 591 18.1(4.9) 130.8 642.5 643 19.3 (4.6) 127.5 725.4 726 20.3 (4.4) 123.1 789.5790 20.7 (4.3) 120.9 807.7 807 21.4 (4.2) 114.2 855.0 855 22.9 (3.9)91.4 924.0 942 23.7 (3.8) 85.0 1028.7 1029 24.3 (3.7) 75.3 1075.1 106925.6 (3.5) 66.6 1143.9 1241

FIG. 2: XRPD of Polymorph A of Compound A PREPARATION 2N-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamideDihydrobromide (Compound A)

a) N′-(2,2-Dimethoxyethyl)-N,N-diethyl-ethane-1,2-diamine.

A solution of N,N-diethyl-ethylenediamine (150 g) in methanol (500 mL)was treated dropwise rapidly with glyoxal dimethylacetal (60 wt % soln.in water, 225 g) at 10-15° C. After the addition was complete thesolution was warmed to 15° C., then to 22° C. and left at thistemperature for 16 hours. The reaction mixture was treated with 5%palladium on carbon (Johnson-Matthey type 38H paste, 15 g) andhydrogenated at 6 bar until the reaction was complete as judged byGC/MS. The catalyst was removed by filtration and the filtrateevaporated to dryness (toluene azeotrope, 2.5 L), affording 196.2 g ofthe sub-titled compound.

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): 4.48 (t, 1H), 3.39 (s, 6H), 2.75 (d, 2H), 2.69 (t, 2H),2.57-2.48 (m, 6H), 1.01 (ts, 6H).

b)N-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2,2-dimethoxyethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamide.

Oxalyl chloride (151 mL) was added dropwise over 45 minutes to asolution of 3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanoic acid (389 g) (Example 7step b)) in dichloromethane (2.1 L) and DMF (0.5 mL). The reactionmixture was stirred for a further 16 hours. The mixture was subsequentlyconcentrated, redissolved in DCM (1.7 L) and added dropwise over 1.75hours at 0° C. to a solution ofN′-(2,2-dimethoxyethyl)-N,N-diethylethane-1,2-diamine (325 g) andisopropyldiethylamine (551 mL) in DCM (1.7 L). The resulting mixture wasstirred at room temperature for 3 hours, washed with aqueous saturatedsodium bicarbonate solution (5×1 L), water (1.5 L) and dried over sodiumsulphate and concentrated to give 650 g of the sub-titled compound.

m/e 431 (M+H⁺, 100%)

c)N-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]-N-(2-oxoethyl)propanamide.

A solution ofN-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2,2-dimethoxyethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamide(93 g) in DCM (270 mL) was treated dropwise at 0° C. withtrifluoroacetic acid (270 mL) over 1.5 hours. After the addition thereaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred fora further 1 hour. The reaction mixture was concentrated and the residuepoured into aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (1800 mL,caution). The aqueous mixture was extracted with DCM (4×400 mL) and thecombined extracts were dried over magnesium sulphate and concentrated.The residue was used directly in the following reaction.

d)N-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamideDihydrobromide (Compound A)

A suspension of 7-(2-amino-ethyl)-4-hydroxy-3H-benzothiazol-2-onehydrochloride (53 g) in dry NMP (216 mL) was heated to 60° C. andtreated in one portion with a solution of NaOH (8.2 g) in methanol (102mL). The bright orange suspension was cooled to room temperature andtreated dropwise with a solution ofN-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]-N-(2-oxoethyl)propanamidein dichloromethane (475 mL) over 20 minutes. The reaction was left tostir for 25 minutes. Sodium triacetoxyborohydride (91.5 g) was thenadded in portions over 20 minutes and the mixture stirred for a further50 minutes. The reaction mixture was poured into water (1.8 L) and theacidic solution (pH5) was washed with tert. butyl methyl ether (TBME)(3×500 mL). The aqueous phase was basified to pH8 by the addition ofsolid potassium carbonate and extracted with dichloromethane (3×750 mL);the combined organic extracts were dried over magnesium sulphate andconcentrated to give a dark oil. This was dissolved in ethanol (200 mL)and 48% aqueous hydrobromic acid (73 mL) was added. The solution wasaged for 30 minutes then evaporated to dryness. The residue wastriturated with ethanol (560 mL); the resultant solid was collected byfiltration and dried in vacuo at 50° C. The sticky solid was suspendedin boiling ethanol (100 mL) and filtered while hot. The collected solidwas dried in vacuo at 50° C. This material was recrystallised fromethanol/water (3:1, 500 mL). After standing overnight the resultantsolid was collected by filtration and washed with ice-cold ethanol (75mL). Drying in vacuo at 50° C. for 24 hr afforded 57 g of the titlecompound.

PREPARATION 3N-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamide(Compound B)

N-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamidedihydrobromide (10 g) was partitioned between saturated sodiumbicarbonate solution (100 mL) and dichloromethane (100 mL) (a littlemethanol was added to aid solubility). The mixture was stirred at RT for1 hr.

The phases were then separated and the aqueous phase was extracted witha further portion of dichloromethane (100 mL]). The combined organicphase was washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (100 mL) andsaturated brine solution (100 ml) then dried over magnesium sulfate,filtered and evaporated to leave the title compound (8.66 g).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ 8.06 (d, 1H), 7.90 (d, 1H), 7.77 (d, 1H), 7.51(m, 2H), 7.40 (m, 2H), 6.80 (m, 1H), 6.70 (m, 1H), 3.68 (m, 4H), 3.27(m, 6H), 2.79-2.53 (number of protons could not be determined), 2.44 (m,4H), 0.92 (m, 6H).

PREPARATION 4N-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthy)ethoxy]propanamideDihydrobromide (Compound A)

A suspension ofN-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamidedihydrobromide (prepared, for example, as in Preparation 2) (1.88 kg) in80:20 isopropanol:water (20.97 kg) was heated to reflux. The solutionwas then filtered and the filtrate was allowed to cool to 50° C. beforea seed ofN-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamidedihydrobromide (1.08 g) was added. The temperature was held at 50° C.for 20 mins then the reaction mixture was cooled to 5° C. at a rate of0.1° C./min. The suspension was held at 5° C. for 3 days then theprecipitated material was collected by filtration. The cake was washedwith 80:20 isopropanol:water (2.91 kg). The solid was then dried invacuo at 40° C. to constant weight to give the title compound (1.545kg).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO, 90° C.) δ 11.50-8.52 (m, 3H), 8.06 (d, 1H), 7.90(d, 1H), 7.77 (d, 1H), 7.52 (m, 2H), 7.42 (m, 2H), 6.87 (d, 1H), 6.76(d, 1H), 3.74 (m, 4H), 3.61 (br, 4H), 3.29 (t, 2H), 3.2-3.0 (number ofprotons could not be determined), 2.87 (m, 2H), 2.65 (t, 214), 1.22 (t,6H).

PREPARATION 5N-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamideDihydrochloride

A 37 wt/wt % solution of hydrochloric acid (245.95 μL) was added to asolution ofN-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamide(0.56 g) in methanol (5.6 mL) producing a clear solution that wasstirred at room temperature for 15 mins. A 0.5 mL aliquot was taken fromthe bulk of the solution and treated with diethyl ether to form a mobilesolid. This suspension was added back to the solution and the mixturewas stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The title compound was thencollected by filtration, washed with methanol (1.12 mL) and dried on thefilter (0.46 g).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO, 90° C.) δ 11.46 (m, 1H), 8.06 (d, 1H), 7.88 (d,1H), 7.75 (d, 1H), 7.55-7.38 (m, 4H), 6.88 (d, 1H), 6.76 (d, 1H), 3.74(m, 8H), 3.28 (t, 2H), 3.2-3.0 (number of protons could not bedetermined), 2.92 (m, 2H), 2.66 (t, 2H), 1.25 (t, 6H).

Calc for C₃₂H₄₄Cl₂N₄O₄S: C, 58.98; H, 6.81; N, 8.60; S, 4.92. Found: C,58.89; H, 6.87; N, 8.58; S, 5.24.

Solid State XRPD (FIG. 3) DSC NMR Raman IR  4.9 (18.2) 27.9 (3.20)Onset-192° C. 232.4 66.6 207.8 1379.3 3163 946  7.7 (11.5) 28.2 (3.16)225.8 63.7 242.2 1412.2 2981 927  8.9 (10.0) 28.5 (3.13) 224.5 51.9310.8 1437.1 2877 868  9.2 (9.6) 29.1 (3.07) 190.9 48.4 368.2 1451.22787 844 12.0 (7.4) 30.6 (2.92) 184.5 36.2 395.6 1483.5 2428 812 12.5(7.1) 32.1 (2.78) 182.7 31.7 470.6 1576.9 1683 797 13.7 (6.5) 180.6 27.9490.5 1599.3 1631 741 14.8 (6.0) 164.0 8.6 505.6 1634.7 1514 721 15.9(5.6) 141.2 5.8 594.4 1687.3 1467 644 16.4 (5.4) 134.8 642.8 1435 16.9(5.2) 132.9 694.4 1420  18.5 (4.81) 130.8 726.0 1393  19.4 (4.58) 123.1807.7 1335  21.1 (4.21) 114.2 854.4 1293 23.17 (3.84) 91.4 926.3 1183 24.8 (3.60) 85.0 1029.8 1144  25.4 (3.50) 83.2 1073.9 1113  26.0 (3.43)81.1 1185.8 1059  27.1 (3.29) 77.7 1276.8 1019FIG. 3: XRPD of Polymorph A of dihydrochloride Salt of Compound B

The following Examples illustrate the invention.

EXAMPLE 1N-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamideCitrate

Citric Acid (248.96 mg) was added to a solution ofN-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamide(0.5 g) in methanol (5 mL). Immediately, the clear solution becameopaque and orange oil settled out. This mixture was heated at anexternal temp of 60° C. forming a clear solution, which was then allowedto cool to room temperature and stirred for 48 h. The resultingprecipitate was collected by filtration and washed with methanol (1 mL)and diethyl ether (1 mL). The solid was then dried in vacuo at roomtemperature for 4 h to give the title compound (0.3 g).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO, 90° C.) δ 8.06 (d, 1H), 7.88 (d, 1H), 7.75 (d,1H), 7.50 (m, 2H), 7.39 (m, 2H), 6.82 (d, 1H), 6.72 (d, 1H), 3.75 (t,2H), 3.70 (t, 2H), 3.6-3.3 (number of protons could not be determined),3.28 (t, 2H), 3.1-2.4 (number of protons could not be determined), 0.99(br, 6H).

FIG. 4: XRPD of Di-Hydrate Polymorph A of Citrate Salt of Compound B

Solid State XRPD (FIG. 4) DSC NMR Raman IR  4.4 (20.3) 21.4 (4.14) Onset112° C. 228.2 48.1 269.7 1141.6 2979 868  6.2 (14.3) 24.2 (3.69) 226.245.0 295.1 1281.4 2864 838  7.2 (12.2) 25.8 (3.46) 184.1 43.5 373.71371.2 2616 799  7.8 (11.3) 27.2 (3.28) 181.9 37.3 406.2 1440.8 2459 748 8.6 (10.3) 27.9 (3.19) 178.5 32.9 434.4 1482.9 1686 695 11.0 (8.1) 31.7(2.82) 176.4 25.9 470.6 1515.0 1626 663 12.3 (7.2) 171.9 8.7 511.81578.9 1561 12.9 (6.9) 170.5 6.5 553.3 1624.6 1514 13.7 (6.5) 141.8 2.8597.5 1702.0 1455 14.4 (6.1) 134.3 667.5 1416 14.8 (6.0) 128.7 699.31371 15.6 (5.7) 126.8 715.4 1324 16.0 (5.5) 125.6 802.3 1280 16.9 (5.2)124.0 846.9 1231 17.4 (5.1) 122.5 865.1 1182  18.7 (4.75) 120.4 938.91108  19.2 (4.63) 109.1 981.7 1058  20.6 (4.32) 77.0 1026.4 934  21.0(4.22) 70.8 1078.5 900

EXAMPLE 2N-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-napthyl)ethoxy]propanamideDitosylate

p-Toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (667.33 mg) was added in one portionto a solution ofN-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamide(1 g) in methanol (10 mL) producing a clear solution. This was stirredat room temperature for 30 mins then the solvent was removed in vacuo.The residue was stirred in diethyl ether (20 mL) at room temperature for16 h then the solvent was removed and methyl t-butyl ether (20 mL) wasadded. This mixture was then stirred at room temperature for 16 h beforethe resulting solid was collected by filtration and washed with methylt-butyl ether (5 mL). The title compound was dried in vacuo at roomtemperature for 16 h to leave the title compound as an amorphous solid(1.18 g). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO, 90° C.) δ 11.35 (1H, br), 8.05 (d, 1H),7.88 (d, 1H), 7.76 (d, 1H), 7.51 (m, 6H), 7.40 (m, 2H), 7.09 (d, 4H),6.83 (d, 1H), 6.74 (d, 1H), 3.77 (t, 2H), 3.72 (t, 2H), 3.64 (br, 4H),3.4-3.0 (number of protons could not be determined), 2.85 (m, 2H), 2.64(t, 2H), 2.28 (s, 6H), 1.22 (t, 6H).

FIG. 5: XRPD of Amorphous Form of Di-Tosylate Salt of Compound B EXAMPLE3N-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamidePhosphate Di-Hemi-Hydrate

Phosphoric Acid (199.19 mg) was added to a solution ofN-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamide(1 g) in methanol (10 mL) producing a gum. The mixture was heated toreflux, and on continued stirring gave a mobile solid. The suspensionwas allowed to cool slowly to room temperature then filtered and thecake was washed with methanol (2 mL). The title compound (0.93 g) wasallowed to dry on the filter.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO, 90° C.) δ 8.05 (d, 1H), 7.87 (d, 1H), 7.74 (m,1H), 7.48 (m, 2H), 7.38 (m, 2H), 6.78 (d, 1H), 6.68 (d, 1H), 3.73 (t,2H), 3.67 (t, 2H), 3.31 (m, number of protons could not be determined),3.26 (t, 2H), 2.8-2.3 (number of protons could not be determined), 0.94(t, 6H).

FIG. 6: XRPD of Di-Hemi-Hydrate Polymorph A of Phosphate Salt ofCompound B

XRPD Solid State (FIG. 6) DSC NMR Raman IR  5.5 (16.1) 22.8 (3.90) Onset94° C. 223.1 80.3 372.7 1199.5 2987  8.4 (10.5) 23.4 (3.79) 193.1 72.5403.0 1278.7 2877 9.04 (9.8) 24.3 (3.65) 183.6 65.4 736.0 1300.5 2392 9.7 (9.1) 25.1 (3.54) 182.0 49.3 472.2 1372.3 1686 10.5 (8.4) 26.0(3.43) 176.8 45.8 513.1 1440.3 1630 11.8 (7.5) 27.0 (3.30) 173.2 33.7536.5 1517.3 1513 12.9 (6.9) 28.5 (3.13) 170.4 28.5 565.2 1580.2 144313.6 (6.5) 167.7 9.4 598.7 1622.8 1397 15.0 (5.9) 161.7 9.1 668.4 1699.91291 15.8 (5.6) 143.3 696.5 1200 16.3 (5.4) 133.9 711.8 1141 16.8 (5.3)127.0 779.6 1100 17.8 (5.0) 124.5 854.4 1019  18.3 (4.85) 121.6 941.3868  19.3 (4.60) 119.3 989.0 842  19.3 (4.59) 117.9 1022.4 791  19.8(4.47) 112.0 1062.0 695  20.6 (4.30) 84.1 1104.4 670  21.9 (4.06) 82.61143.9

EXAMPLE 4AN-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamideDixinafoate Di-hydrate

A suspension of 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (328.42 mg) in methanol (3mL) was added to a solution ofN-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propan-amide(0.5 g) in methanol (3 mL) and the resulting mixture was heated toreflux then allowed to cool to room temperature and stirred for 16 h.The title compound was filtered, washed with methanol (1 mL) and driedin vacuo at room temperature for 1 h (0.47 g).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO, 90° C.) δ 8.24 (d, 2H), 8.04 (d, 1H), 7.87 (d,1H), 7.75 (m, 5H), 7.50 (m, 4H), 7.40 (m, 4H), 7.11 (d, 2H), 6.83 (d,1H), 6.73 (d, 1H), 3.75 (t, 2H), 3.70 (t, 2H), 3.6-3.3 (m, 4H), 3.26 (t,2H), 2.6-3.1 (number of protons could not be determined), 2.59 (t, 2H),1.05 (br, 6H).

XRPD Solid State (FIG. 7) DSC NMR Raman IR  4.8 (18.4) 24.9 (3.58) Onset92° C. 226.9 50.1 232.8 1159.1 3162 741  7.7 (11.5) 26.0 (3.43) 210.049.0 287.2 1201.4 2983 723  9.1 (9.8) 26.4 (3.38) 187.3 43.2 326.91256.5 2878 696  9.5 (9.3) 27.5 (3.24) 185.7 33.1 360.7 1371.5 2429 65110.8 (8.2) 30.3 (2.95) 164.8 29.3 405.6 1398.8 1683 12.2 (7.3) 161.926.2 424.8 1432.0 1631 12.8 (6.9) 160.2 25.7 475.6 1467.1 1513 15.4(5.7) 159.6 7.8 492.0 1579.4 1435 16.1 (5.5) 142.4 3.7 514.7 1626.4 142017.2 (5.2) 137.5 532.4 1400 18.6 (4.76) 136.0 556.4 1293 19.1 (4.64)133.9 591.2 1203 19.9 (4.46) 131.5 623.6 1184  20.5 (4.33) 126.8 656.71142  21.3 (4.17) 125.0 693.5 1113  22.8 (3.90) 75.3 726.0 1020  23.3(3.82) 71.5 787.1 868  23.6 (3.77) 68.0 1020.6 843  24.3 (3.66) 51.21095.3 799

FIG. 7: XRPD of Di-Hydrate Polymorph A of Di-Xinafoate Salt of CompoundB EXAMPLE 4BN-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamideDixinafoate Di-Hemi-Hydrate

20 mg of Di-Hydrate Polymorph A (Example 4A) was slurried in water (0.5ml) for one week. The resulting suspension was centrifuged and thesupernatant was separated from the solid material, the latter being leftto air dry overnight in a fume hood.

XRPD (FIG. 8) DSC   4.8 (18.58) 21.4 (4.15) Onset below 90° C.  7.5(11.9) 22.4 (3.98)  7.8 (11.4) 24.7 (3.60)  8.5 (10.4) 25.2 (3.53)  8.8(10.0) 25.6 (3.48)  9.4 (9.4) 26.1 (3.41) 10.6 (8.3) 11.6 (7.7) 11.9(7.5) 12.3 (7.2) 12.7 (7.0) 13.4 (6.6) 15.3 (5.8) 15.6 (5.7)  16.6(5.33) 17.7 (5.0)  18.4 (4.83)  18.7 (4.76)  18.8 (4.71)

FIG. 8: XRPD of Di-Hemi-Hydrate Polymorph A of Di-Xinafoate Salt ofCompound B EXAMPLE 5N-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamideSulfate

Concentrated sulphuric acid (23.98 μL) was added dropwise to a solutionofN-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamide(0.25 g) in methanol (2.5 mL). The mixture was stirred at roomtemperature for 20 mins then heated at an external temperature of 60° C.then allowed to cool back to room temperature. Methyl t-butyl ether (0.5mL) was then added and the mixture was heated at an external temperatureof 60° C. then allowed to room temperature. The mixture was transferredto another flask using methanol to dissolve the mixture and then thesolvent was removed in vacuo. Methyl t-butyl ether (10 mL) was added tothe residue and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h.The title compound was collected by filtration and dried on the filter(0.24 g). Solid found to be amorphous.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO, 90° C.) δ 8.05 (m, 1H), 7.88 (m, 1H), 7.75 (m,1H), 7.50 (m, 2H), 7.38 (m, 2H), 6.85 (m, 1H), 6.73 (m, 1H), 3.74 (m,4H), 3.58-3.40 (m, number of protons could not be determined), 3.28 (t,2H), 3.03-2.73 (m, number of protons could not be determined), 2.60 (t,2H), 1.09 (s, 6H).

FIG. 9: XRPD of Amorphous form of Sulphate Salt of Compound B

EXAMPLE 6N-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamideMono Benzoate

Benzoic acid (52.75 mg) was added in one portion to a solution ofN-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamide(0.25 g) in methanol (2.5 mL) producing a clear solution. This wasstirred at room temperature for 1 h then the solvent was removed invacuo. The residue was stirred in acetonitrile (5 mL) at roomtemperature for 16 h then the solvent was removed and methyl t-butylether (10 mL) was added. This mixture was stirred at room temperaturefor 3 h before the title compound was collected by filtration. The titlecompound was isolated as an amorphous solid.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO, 90° C.) δ 8.04 (m, 1H), 7.94 (m, 2H), 7.87 (m,1H), 7.73 (m, 1H), 7.57-7.34 (m, 7H), 6.84-6.68 (m, 2H), 3.80-3.54 (m,6H), 3.30 (m, could not be established due to overlap with water),2.78-2.37 (m, number of protons could not be determined), 0.91 (m, 6H).

FIG. 10: XRPD of Amorphous form of Mono Benzoate of Compound B

EXAMPLE 6AN-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamideMono Benzoate as a Crystalline Form

20 mg of the amorphous form of the mono-benzoate salt (Example 6) wasdissolved in 1 ml of propan-2-ol. The resulting solution was left toevaporate slowly at room temperature in a fume hood, leaving anoff-white solid.

XRPD (FIG. 11) 5.6 (15.8) 7.8 (11.3) 8.3 (10.6) 9.5 (9.3) 12.0 (7.4)13.7 (6.4) 14.8 (6.0) 15.5 (5.7) 16.0 (5.5) 16.6 (5.3) 16.8 (5.3) 17.4(5.1) 20.1 (4.42) 20.9 (4.25) 22.1 (4.03) 22.5 (3.96) 24.1 (3.69) 24.3(3.66) 25.8 (3.45) 26.2 (3.41) 28.1 (3.17) 28.6 (3.12)FIG. 11: XRPD of Crystalline form of Mono Benzoate of Compound B

EXAMPLE 7N-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamideMono Fumarate

Fumaric acid (168.31 mg) was added to a solution ofN-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthy)ethoxy]propanamide(0.84 g) in methanol (2 mL) producing an opaque mixture. The mixture waswarmed at an external temperature of 60° C. then allowed to cool to roomtemperature and stirred for 16 h. The title compound was obtained as anamorphous foam after evaporation to dryness.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO, 90° C.) δ 8.05 (m, 1H), 7.87 (m, 1H), 7.74 (m,1H), 7.49 (m, 2H), 7.38 (m, 2H), 6.80 (m, 1H), 6.70 (m, 1H), 6.58 (s,2H), 3.78-3.53 (m, 6H), 3.36-3.19 (m, number of protons could not bedetermined), 2.82-2.40 (m, number of protons could not be determined),0.96-0.86 (m, 6H).

FIG. 12: XRPD of Amorphous Form of Mono Fumarate Salt of Compound BEXAMPLE 8N-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamideMono Besylate

Benzenesulfonic acid (158.51 mg) was added to a solution ofN-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamide(0.58 g) in methanol (5.8 mL) producing an clear solution. The mixturewas stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The title compound was obtainedas an amorphous solid after evaporation to dryness.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO, 90° C.) δ 8.05 (d, 1H), 7.88 (d, 11-1), 7.75 (m,1H), 7.64 (m, 2H), 7.50 (m, 2H), 7.40 (m, 2H), 7.28 (m, 3H), 6.83 (m,1H), 6.73 (m, 1H), 3.77-3.35 (m, number of protons could not bedetermined), 3.28 (t, 2H), 3.01-2.47 (m, number of protons could not bedetermined), 1.05 (br, 6H).

FIG. 13: XRPD of Amorphous Form of Mono Besylate of Compound B

Biological Assays

Adrenergic β2 Mediated cAMP Production

Cell Preparation

H292 cells were grown in 225 cm2 flasks incubator at 37° C., 5% CO₂ inRPMI medium containing, 10% (v/v) FBS (foetal bovine serum) and 2 mML-glutamine.

Experimental Method

Adherent H292 cells were removed from tissue culture flasks by treatmentwith Accutase™ cell detachment solution for 15 minutes. Flasks wereincubated for 15 minutes in a humidified incubator at 37° C., 5% CO₂.Detached cells were re-suspended in RPMI media (containing 10% (v/v) FBSand 2 mM L-glutamine) at 0.05×10⁶ cells per mL. 5000 cells in 100 μLwere added to each well of a tissue-culture-treated 96-well plate andthe cells incubated overnight in a humidified incubator at 37° C., 5%CO₂. The culture media was removed and cells were washed twice with 100μL assay buffer and replaced with 50 μL assay buffer (HBSS solutioncontaining 10 mM HEPES pH7.4 and 5 mM glucose). Cells were rested atroom temperature for 20 minutes after which time 25 μL of rolipram (1.2mM made up in assay buffer containing 2.4% (v/v) dimethylsulphoxide) wasadded. Cells were incubated with rolipram for 10 minutes after whichtime test compounds were added and the cells were incubated for 60minutes at room temperature. The final rolipram concentration in theassay was 300 μM and final vehicle concentration was 1.6% (v/v)dimethylsulphoxide. The reaction was stopped by removing supernatants,washing once with 100 μL assay buffer and replacing with 50 μL lysisbuffer. The cell monolayer was frozen at −80° C. for 30 minutes (orovernight).

AlphaScreen™ cAMP Detection

The concentration of cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate) in the celllysate was determined using AlphaScreen™ methodology. The frozen cellplate was thawed for 20 minutes on a plate shaker then 10 μL of the celllysate was transferred to a 96-well white plate. 40 μL of mixedAlphaScreen™ detection beads pre-incubated with biotinylated cAMP, wasadded to each well and the plate incubated at room temperature for 10hours in the dark. The AlphaScreen™ signal was measured using anEnVision spectrophotometer (Perkin-Elmer Inc.) with the recommendedmanufacturer's settings. cAMP concentrations were determined byreference to a calibration curve determined in the same experiment usingstandard cAMP concentrations. Concentration response curves for agonistswere constructed and data was fitted to a four parameter logisticequation to determine both the pEC₅₀ and Intrinsic Activity. IntrinsicActivity was expressed as a fraction relative to the maximum activitydetermined for formoterol in each experiment.

Selectivity Assays Adrenergic α1D Membrane Preparation

Membranes were prepared from human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cellsexpressing recombinant human α1_(D) receptor. These were diluted inAssay Buffer (50 mM HEPES, 1 mM EDTA, 0.1% gelatin, pH 7.4) to provide afinal concentration of membranes that gave a clear window betweenmaximum and minimum specific binding.

Experimental Method

Assays were performed in U-bottomed 96-well polypropylene plates. 10 μL[³H]-prazosin (0.3 nM final concentration) and 10 μL of test compound(10× final concentration) were added to each test well. For each assayplate 8 replicates were obtained for [³H]-prazosin binding in thepresence of 10 μL vehicle (10% (v/v) DMSO in Assay Buffer; definingmaximum binding) or 10 μL BMY7378 (10 μM final concentration; definingnon-specific binding (NSB)). Membranes were then added to achieve afinal volume of 100 μL. The plates were incubated for 2 hours at roomtemperature and then filtered onto PEI coated GF/B filter plates,pre-soaked for 1 hour in Assay Buffer, using a 96-well plate Tomtec cellharvester. Five washes with 250 μL wash buffer (50 mM HEPES, 1 mM EDTA,pH 7.4) were performed at 4° C. to remove unbound radioactivity. Theplates were dried then sealed from underneath using Packard platesealers and MicroScint-O (50 μL) was added to each well. The plates weresealed (TopSeal A) and filter-bound radioactivity was measured with ascintillation counter (TopCount, Packard BioScience) using a 3-minutecounting protocol.

Total specific binding (B₀) was determined by subtracting the mean NSBfrom the mean maximum binding. NSB values were also subtracted fromvalues from all other wells. These data were expressed as percent of B₀.Compound concentration-effect curves (inhibition of [³H]-prazosinbinding) were determined using serial dilutions typically in the range0.1 nM to 10 μM. Data was fitted to a four parameter logistic equationto determine the compound potency, which was expressed as pIC50(negative log molar concentration inducing 50% inhibition of[³H]-prazosin binding).

Adrenergic β1 Membrane Preparation

Membranes containing recombinant human adrenergic beta 1 receptors wereobtained from Euroscreen. These were diluted in Assay Buffer (50 mMHEPES, 1 mM EDTA, 120 mM NaCl, 0.1% gelatin, pH 7.4) to provide a finalconcentration of membranes that gave a clear window between maximum andminimum specific binding.

Experimental Method

Assays were performed in U-bottomed 96-well polypropylene plates. 10 μL[¹²⁵I]-Iodocyanopindolol (0.036 nM final concentration) and 10 μL oftest compound (10× final concentration) were added to each test well.For each assay plate 8 replicates were obtained for[¹²⁵I]-Iodocyanopindolol binding in the presence of 10 μL vehicle (10%(v/v) DMSO in Assay Buffer; defining maximum binding) or 10 μLPropranolol (10 μM final concentration; defining non-specific binding(NSB)). Membranes were then added to achieve a final volume of 100 μL.The plates were incubated for 2 hours at room temperature and thenfiltered onto PEI coated GF/B filter plates, pre-soaked for 1 hour inAssay Buffer, using a 96-well plate Tomtec cell harvester. Five washeswith 250 μL wash buffer (50 mM HEPES, 1 mM EDTA, 120 mM NaCl, pH 7.4)were performed at 4° C. to remove unbound radioactivity. The plates weredried then sealed from underneath using Packard plate sealers andMicroScint-O (50 μL) was added to each well. The plates were sealed(TopSeal A) and filter-bound radioactivity was measured with ascintillation counter (TopCount, Packard BioScience) using a 3-minutecounting protocol.

Total specific binding (B₀) was determined by subtracting the mean NSBfrom the mean maximum binding. NSB values were also subtracted fromvalues from all other wells. These data were expressed as percent of B₀.Compound concentration-effect curves (inhibition of[¹²⁵I]-Iodocyanopindolol binding) were determined using serial dilutionstypically in the range 0.1 nM to 10 μM. Data was fitted to a fourparameter logistic equation to determine the compound potency, which wasexpressed as pIC₅₀ (negative log molar concentration inducing 50%inhibition of [¹²⁵I]-Iodocyanopindolol binding).

Dopamine D2 Membrane Preparation

Membranes containing recombinant human Dopamine Subtype D2s receptorswere obtained from Perkin Elmer. These were diluted in Assay Buffer (50mM HEPES, 1 mM EDTA, 120 mM NaCl, 0.1% gelatin, pH 7.4) to provide afinal concentration of membranes that gave a clear window betweenmaximum and minimum specific binding.

Experimental Method

Assays were performed in U-bottomed 96-well polypropylene plates. 30 μL[³H]-spiperone (0.16 nM final concentration) and 30 μL of test compound(10× final concentration) were added to each test well. For each assayplate 8 replicates were obtained for [³H]-spiperone binding in thepresence of 30 μL vehicle (10% (v/v) DMSO in Assay Buffer; definingmaximum binding) or 30 μL Haloperidol (10 μM final concentration;defining non-specific binding (NSB)). Membranes were then added toachieve a final volume of 300 μL. The plates were incubated for 2 hoursat room temperature and then filtered onto PEI coated GF/B filterplates, pre-soaked for 1 hour in Assay Buffer, using a 96-well plateTomtec cell harvester. Five washes with 250 μL wash buffer (50 mM HEPES,1 mM EDTA, 120 mM NaCl, pH 7.4) were performed at 4° C. to removeunbound radioactivity. The plates were dried then sealed from underneathusing Packard plate sealers and MicroScint-O (50 μL) was added to eachwell. The plates were sealed (TopSeal A) and filter-bound radioactivitywas measured with a scintillation counter (TopCount, Packard BioScience)using a 3-minute counting protocol.

Total specific binding (B₀) was determined by subtracting the mean NSBfrom the mean maximum binding. NSB values were also subtracted fromvalues from all other wells. These data were expressed as percent of B₀.Compound concentration-effect curves (inhibition of [³H]-spiperonebinding) were determined using serial dilutions typically in the range0.1 nM to 10 μM. Data was fitted to a four parameter logistic equationto determine the compound potency, which was expressed as pIC₅₀(negative log molar concentration inducing 50% inhibition of[³H]-spiperone binding).

Onset Assay

Dunkin-Hartley guinea-pigs (between 200 g and 300 g on delivery) weresupplied by a designated breeding establishment. The guinea-pigs werekilled by cervical dislocation and the trachea removed. The adherentconnective tissue was removed and each trachea cut into four rings. Thetissue rings were then attached to an isometric transducer. The tissueswere washed and a force of 1 g was applied to each ring. In allexperiments a paired curve design was used. A priming dose of 1 μMmethacholine was applied to the tissues. The tissues were then washed(three times, one minute between washes), the resting tension of 1 g wasreapplied and the tissues were allowed to rest for 1 hour toequilibrate. Tissues were then contracted with 1 μM methacholine andonce a steady response was obtained a cumulative concentration responsecurve to isoprenaline (10⁻⁹ M-10⁻⁵ M) was constructed. The tissues werethen washed (three times, one minute between washes) and left to restfor an hour. At the end of the resting period the tissues werecontracted with 1 μM methacholine and a p[A]₅₀ concentration of testcompound added. Once the tissue had reached maximum relaxation, a30×p[A]₅₀ concentration of test compound was added. Once the tissueresponse had reached a plateau, 10 μM sotalol was added to the bath toconfirm that the relaxation was β₂ mediated

Data were collected using the ADInstruments chart4forwindows software,which measured the maximum tension generated at each concentration ofagonist.

For each concentration of the isoprenaline cumulative concentrationcurve, the response was calculated as % relaxation of themethacholine-induced contraction. A curve was plotted of log₁₀[agonist](M) versus percentage inhibition of the methacholine-inducedcontraction. These data were then fitted to a non-linear regressioncurve fit. For each experiment, E/[A] curve data were fitted using a4-parameter logistic function of the form:

$E = {\beta + \frac{\left( {\beta - \alpha} \right) \cdot \lbrack A\rbrack^{m}}{\lbrack A\rbrack^{m} + \lbrack A\rbrack_{50}^{m}}}$

E and [A] are the pharmacological effect (% relaxation) andconcentration of the agonist respectively; α, β, [A]₅₀ and m are theasymptote, baseline, location and slope parameters, s respectively. Thep[A]₅₀ and IA of each isoprenaline curve was determined from this fit,to determine if the tissue was viable for generating an onset time forthe test compounds.

For each p[A]₅₀ concentration of the test compound, the response wascalculated as % relaxation of the methacholine-induced contraction. Theresults were plotted % relaxation against time and the time taken toreach a 90% relaxation value was calculated and recorded.

The addition of a 30×p[A]₅₀ concentration enabled determination of themaximum compound effect within the individual tissue. Hence, the % ofthe maximum compound effect at the p[A]₅₀ concentration was calculatedand recorded.

Pharmacokinetics in the Rat

A dose solution of the test compound was prepared using a suitable dosevehicle. The concentration of the compound in the dose solution wasassayed by diluting an aliquot to a nominal concentration of 50 μg·ml⁻¹and calibrating against duplicate injections of a standard solution anda QC standard at this concentration. Compounds were administeredintravenously as a bolus into a caudal vein to groups of three 250-350 grats (approximately 1 ml·kg⁻¹). For the oral dose, a separate group of 2or 3 animals were dosed by oral gavage (3 ml·kg⁻¹). Delivered doses wereestimated by weight loss. Food was not usually withdrawn from animalsprior to dosing, although this effect was investigated if necessary.

Blood samples (0.25 ml) were taken into 1 ml syringes from the caudalvein, transferred to EDTA tubes and plasma was prepared bycentrifugation (5 min at 13000 rpm) soon after sample collection, beforestorage at −20° C. Typical sampling times were 2, 4, 8, 15, 30, 60, 120,180, 240, 300 (min) or until the terminal t½ was accurately described.

The concentration of the analyte(s) were determined in plasma byquantitative mass spectrometry. Standard and quality control stocksolutions were prepared at a concentration 1 mg/ml in methanol. A rangeof standard and QC stocks produced by serial dilution were added tocontrol rat plasma (50 μl). The range of concentrations covered therange of levels of analyte present in the rat samples. Standards, QCsand samples underwent liquid extraction using 50 μl of organic solventand 100 μl of organic solvent containing an internal standard, chosen toclosely resemble the analyte. The samples were then mixed by repeatedinversion, stored at −20° C. for at least 1 h, and centrifuged at 3500rpm in a centrifuge for 20 minutes. Aliquots (120 μl) of each samplewere transferred for analysis using LC-MSMS. Standard and qualitycontrol samples covering the range of concentrations found in the testsamples were within 25% of the nominal concentration.

Pharmacokinetic data analysis was achieved using WinNonlin. A standardnon-compartmental analysis was used to estimate the parameters such asTmax, Cmax, Lambda_z, t½_Lambda_z, AUCall, AUCINF(observed),Cl(observed), Vss(observed).

1. A pharmaceutically acceptable salt ofN-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamideprovided it is not the dihydrobromide or dihydrochloride salt.
 2. Apharmaceutically acceptable salt as claimed in claim 1, wherein the saltis a trifluoroacetate, sulphate, phosphate, acetate, fumarate, maleate,citrate, pyruvate, succinate, oxalate, methanesulphonate,p-toluenesulphonate, bisulphate, benzenesulphonate, ethanesulphonate,malonate, xinafoate, ascorbate, oleate, nicotinate, saccharinate,adipate, formate, glycolate, L-lactate, D-lactate, aspartate, malate,L-tartrate, D-tartrate, stearate, 2-furoate, 3-furoate, napadisylate,edisylate, isethionate, 2-mesitylenesulphonate, 2-naphthalenesulphonate,D-mandelate, or L-mandelate.
 3. A pharmaceutically acceptable salt asclaimed in claim 1, wherein the salt is a citrate salt.
 4. A processesfor preparing a salt as claimed in claim 1, wherein the processcomprises reacting an acid withN-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazol-7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-3-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamidein a solvent.
 5. A pharmaceutical composition, wherein the compositioncomprises: a pharmaceutically acceptable salt as claimed in claim 1; anda pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvant, diluent, or carrier. 6-10.(canceled)
 11. A method of treating, or reducing the risk of, a diseaseor condition in which modulation of β2 adrenoreceptor activity isbeneficial, wherein the method comprises administering to a patient inneed thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceuticallyacceptable salt as claimed in claim
 1. 12. A method of treating, orreducing the risk of, an inflammatory disease or condition, wherein themethod comprises administering to a patient in need thereof atherapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable saltas claimed in claim
 1. 13. A method of treating, or reducing the riskof, a disease or condition in a patient, wherein: the disease orcondition is adult respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary emphysema,bronchitis, bronchiectasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,asthma, or rhinitis; and the method comprises administering to thepatient a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceuticallyacceptable salt as claimed in claim
 1. 14. A pharmaceutically acceptablesalt as claimed in claim 1, wherein the salt is a ditosylate salt.
 15. Apharmaceutically acceptable salt as claimed in claim 1, wherein the saltis a phosphate salt.
 16. A pharmaceutically acceptable salt as claimedin claim 1, wherein the salt is a dixinafoate salt.
 17. Apharmaceutically acceptable salt as claimed in claim 1, wherein the saltis a sulfate salt.
 18. A pharmaceutically acceptable salt as claimed inclaim 1, wherein the salt is a mono-benzoate salt.
 19. Apharmaceutically acceptable salt as claimed in claim 1, wherein the saltis a fumarate salt.
 20. A pharmaceutically acceptable salt as claimed inclaim 1, wherein the salt is a besylate salt.
 21. A method as claimed inclaim 13, wherein the salt is a citrate salt.
 22. A method as claimed inclaim 13, wherein the salt is a ditosylate salt.
 23. A method as claimedin claim 13, wherein the salt is a phosphate salt.
 24. A method asclaimed in claim 13, wherein the salt is a dixinafoate salt.
 25. Amethod as claimed in claim 13, wherein the salt is a sulfate salt.
 26. Amethod as claimed in claim 13, wherein the salt is a mono-benzoate salt.27. A method as claimed in claim 13, wherein the salt is a fumaratesalt.
 28. A method as claimed in claim 13, wherein the salt is abesylate salt.